Wednesday 10 October 2012

LIFE

Life is the sum of experiences that we encounter as we go through life. Day to day struggles and triumphs are experienced by all of the world's creatures. As human beings, when we encounter a challenge, we have freedom to choose how to react. Every decision that we make leads us down a different road. We will never come to exactly the same crossroads. Every decision the we make has significance. The tiniest choice that we make reverberates throughout the entire universe. :)

Monday 1 October 2012

People in the world with the same face

Yes it is true that there are 7 people that look alike in the world. Even if they don't look "alike" exactly they may be resembling each other.

Who invented english grammar?

The first English grammar, Pamphlet for Grammar by William Bullokar, written with the seeming goal of demonstrating that English was quite as rule-bound as Latin, was published in 1586. Bullokar's grammar was faithfully modeled on William Lily's Latin grammar, Rudimenta Grammatices (1534). Lily's grammar was being used in schools in England at that time, having been "prescribed" for them in 1542 by Henry VIII. Although Bullokar wrote his grammar in English and used a "reformed spelling system" of his own invention, many English grammars, for much of the century after Bullokar's effort, were to be written in Latin; this was especially so for books whose authors were aiming to be scholarly. Christopher Cooper's Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ (1685) was the last English grammar written in Latin.

The yoke of Latin grammar writing bore down oppressively on much of the early history of English grammars. Any attempt by one author to assert an independent grammatical rule for English was quickly followed by equal avowals by others of truth of the corresponding Latin-based equivalent. Even as late as the early 19th century, Lindley Murray, the author of one of the most widely used grammars of the day, was having to cite "grammatical authorities" to bolster the claim that grammatical cases in English are different from those in Ancient Greek or Latin.

The focus on tradition, however, belied the role that other social forces had already begun to play in the early seventeenth century. In particular, increasing commerce, and the social changes it wrought, created new impetus for grammar writing. On the one hand, greater British role in international trade created demand for English grammars for speakers of other languages. Many such grammars were published in various European languages in the second half of the seventeenth century. On the other hand, English grammars began to reach a wider audience within Britain itself. They spread beyond their erstwhile readership of "learned," privileged, adult males to other groups of native speakers such as women, merchants, tradesmen, and even schoolboys. Consequently, by the early eighteenth century, many grammars, such as John Brightland's A Grammar of the English tongue (1711) and James Greenwood's Essay towards a practical English grammar, were targeting people without "Latin background," including the "fair sex" and children.

If by the end of the seventeenth century English grammar writing had made a modest start, totaling 16 new grammars since Bullokar's Pamphlet of 115 years before, by the end of the eighteenth, the pace was positively brisk; 270 new titles were added during that century. Both publishing and demand, moreover, would continue to mushroom. The first half of the nineteenth century would see the appearance of almost 900 new books on English grammar. Showing little originality, most new books took the tack of claiming—as justification for their appearance—that the needs of their particular target audience were still unmet or that a particular "grammatical point" had not been treated adequately in the preexisting texts, or oftentimes both. Texts that were both utilitarian and egalitarian were proliferating everywhere. Edward Shelley's The people's grammar; or English grammar without difficulties for 'the million' (1848), for example, was written for "the mechanic and hard-working youth, in their solitary struggles for the acquirement of knowledge." Similarly, William Cobbett's popular mid-century book was titled, A Grammar of the English Language, In a Series of Letters: Intended for the Use of Schools and of Young Persons in General, but more especially for the use of Soldiers, Sailors, Apprentices, and Plough-Boys.

Who invented geography?

The Greek scholar Eratosthenes is credited with the first use of the word "geography" in the third century B.C. He is also known as the "father of geography" for his geographical writing and accomplishments, including the measurement of the circumference of the Earth.

The Bhagwad Gita Chapter-1

Chapter One
Observing the Armies

Sainya-darsana

1) Dhrtarastra said: O Sanjaya, what did my sons and the sons of
Pandu do, after assembling for battle at the holy place of
Kuruksetra?

2) Sanjaya said: Looking over the Pandavas' soldiers and armies
arrayed in military formation, King Duryodhana approached
Dronacarya and spoke as follows:
3) O master, please observe the great armies of the Pandavas,
arrayed in military formation by your intelligent disciple,
Dhrstadyumna.
4-6) Among these soldiers are the expert bowmen Bhima and
Arjuna, as well as others who are equally expert, such as Satyaki,
King Virata, the great fighter Drupada, Dhrstaketu, Cekitana, the
mighty hero Kasiraja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja, the noble King
Saibya, valiant Yudhamanyu, heroic Uttamauja, Abhimanyu, and
the sons of Draupadi all of whom are certainly great warriors.
7) O best of the twice-born, please also be informed of the great
heroes and leaders of our armies. I shall now fully describe them
for your consideration.
8-9) Besides your worthy self, who are always victorious in battle,
and Bhisma, Karna, Krpacarya, Asvatthama, Vikarna,
Saumadatti (Bhurisrava), and Jayadratha, there are many other
heroes who are expert in the art of warfare; they are all armed
with various weapons and are determined to lay down their very
lives for me.
10) Our army, headed by Bhisma, is inadequate, whereas the
army of the Pandavas, protected by Bhima, is competent.
11) Therefore, remaining in your respective divisions at the
strategic points of the formation, please cooperate to protect
Grandfather Bhisma.
12) Then, with a war-cry like the roar of a lion, Bhisma, the
mighty grandsire of the Kurus, loudly blew his conchshell to
encourage Duryodhana.
13) At once, conchshells, kettledrums, hand-drums, bugles, and
other instruments were suddenly sounded, producing a
tumultuous vibration.
14) On the other side, Lord Sri Krsna and Arjuna, in a grand
chariot drawn by white horses, resounded their divine
conchshells.
15) Hrsikesa sounded His conchshell, Pancajanya; Dhananjaya
sounded his, the Devadatta; and Bhimasena, the performer of
mighty tasks, blew the great conchshell named Paundra.
16) King Yudhisthira, the son of Kunti, blew the Anantavijaya,
while Nakula and Sahadeva sounded the conchshells named
Sughosa and Manipuspaka respectively.
17, 18) O lord of the earth, the expert bowman Kasiraja, the great
warrior Sikhandi, Dhrstadyumna, King Virata, the
unconquerable Satyaki, King Drupada, the sons of Draupadi and
the mighty son of Subhadra, Abhimanyu all sounded their
respective conchshells.
19) The tremendous sound of those conchshells, resounding
throughout the land and heavens, pierced the hearts of the sons of
Dhrtarastra.
20) O King, at that time, Dhananjaya (Arjuna), mounted on a
chariot decorated with the flag of Hanuman, was ready to release
his weapons. Seeing Duryodhana and his company poised for
battle, he picked up his bow and spoke to Sri Krsna as follows:
21-23) Arjuna said: O Krsna, please place my chariot between the
two armies, so I may observe the warriors with whom I must
contend on this battlefield, and who have come to fight for the
satisfaction of the wicked Duryodhana.
24-25) Sanjaya said: O descendant of Bharata, after the vigilant
Arjuna spoke these words, Sri Krsna (the Lord of all senses)
maneuvered the grand chariot between both armies, in front of
Bhisma, Drona, and all the emperors. The Lord then said: O
Partha, behold the Kauravas assembled here for battle.
26) There, within both armies, Arjuna could actually see fatherly
elders, grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons,
grandsons, fathers-in-law, friends, and other well-wishers.
27) Thus, seeing his own kinsmen present on the battlefield, the
son of Kunti, Arjuna, griefstricken and overwhelmed with great
compassion, spoke the following words:
28) Arjuna said: O Krsna! Seeing my own relatives all standing
before me eager for warfare, my limbs are being sapped of their
strength and my mouth feels parched.
29) My whole body is trembling and bristling. I am losing grip of
my bow Gandiva, and my skin is burning.
30) O Kesava! I cannot contain myself any longer. My mind is
bewildered, and I see only hostile signs fraught with evil.
31) Nor do I see any good in killing my own relatives in this battle.
O Krsna, I have no desire for victory, kingdom, or happiness.
32-34) O Govinda, of what value is our kingdom? What is the
purpose of happiness and enjoyment, if those for whom we desire
all this - teachers, fatherly elders, sons, grandfathers, maternal
uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other
relatives have today arrived for battle, ready to sacrifice their
very lives and possessions? Therefore, O Madhusudana, even if
they want to take my life, I do not wish to kill them.
35) O Janardana, even if we gain sovereignty over the three
worlds, not to speak of ruling over the earth, what happiness shall
we obtain by killing Duryodhana and company?
36) Only sin will befall us if we slay our teachers and guardians,
even if they be our aggressors. We cannot take the lives of our
own relatives, the sons of Dhrtarastra. O Madhava, how can we be
happy by killing our own kinsmen?
37-38) Although these men, their hearts afflicted by greed, cannot
see the grave sin of fighting with friends and killing family
members, why, O Janardana, should we not refrain from this
heinous act, being in full knowledge of the grave consequences?
39) With the decline of the dynasty, the religious traditions of the
family are curtailed. When religious practices are thus disrupted,
the entire remaining dynasty is overwhelmed by irreligion.
40) O Krsna, descendant of the Vrsni dynasty, when the family is
thus predominated by irreligion, the women of the family become
depraved, and from adultery, unwanted and unvirtuous progeny
is born.
41) Undesirable progeny forces both the family and its destroyers
into a hellish condition. The same fate befalls the ancestors of that
family, because the regular offerings of food and water to those
ancestors are discontinued.
42) The heinous acts of such destroyers of the dynasty cause the
outbreak of mongrelized progeny. By those acts, ageless family
tradition and noble high lineage are utterly devastated.
43) O Janardana, we have heard that persons whose familial,
social, and religious traditions are disrupted dwell always in hell.
44) Alas! What a grave sin we have decided to commit. Driven by
our greed for trifling royal happiness, we are about to kill our
own kinsmen.
45) If unarmed and unresisting, I were to be killed on this
battlefield by the armed sons of Dhrtarastra, then that would be
much more auspicious for me.
46) Sanjaya said: Having thus spoken on the battlefield, Arjuna
cast aside his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot, his
heart overwhelmed with lamentation.

From The Bhagwad Gita

"yada yada hi dharmasya
glanir bhavati bharata
abhyutthanam adharmasya
tadatmanam srjamy aham" (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter Four verse 7)

"Sri Krishna said: Whenever and wherever there is a decline in virtue/religious practice, O Arjuna, and a predominant rise of irreligion—at that time I descend Myself, i.e. I manifest Myself as an embodied being."

"paritranaya sadhunam
vinasaya cha duskritam
dharma-samsthapanarthaya
sambhavami yuge yuge" (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter Four verse 8)

"Sri Krishna said: To deliver the pious and to annihilate the miscreants, as well as to reestablish the principles of religion, I Myself appear, millennium after millennium."

"karmany evadhikaras te
ma phalesu kadachana
ma karma-phala-hetur bhur
ma te sango ’stv akarmani" (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter Two verse 47)

"Sri Krishna said: You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to the fruits of action. Never consider yourself the cause of the results of your activities, and never be attached to not doing your duty."

"na jayate mriyate va kadacin
nayam bhutva bhavita va na bhuyah
ajo nityah sasvato ’yam purano
na hanyate hanyamane sarire" (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter Two verse 20)

"Sri Krishna said: The soul is never born nor dies at any time. Soul has not come into being, does not come into being, and will not come into being. Soul is unborn, eternal, ever-existing and primeval. Soul is not slain when the body is slain."

"vasamsi jirnani yatha vihaya
navani grhnati naro ’parani
tatha sarirani vihaya jirnany
anyani samyati navani dehi" (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter Two verse 22)

"Sri Krishna said: As a human being puts on new garments, giving up old ones, the soul similarly accepts new material bodies, giving up the old and useless ones."

The Wisdom of the Bhagavad Gita

tter indeed is knowledge than mechanical practice. Better than knowledge is meditation. But better still is surrender of attachment to results, because there follows immediate peace.


Neither in this world nor elsewhere is there any happiness in store for him who always doubts.


Delusion arises from anger. The mind is bewildered by delusion. Reasoning is destroyed when the mind is bewildered. One falls down when reasoning is destroyed.


Man is made by his belief. As he believes, so he is.


The mind is restless and difficult to restrain, but it is subdued by practice.


There has never been a time when you and I have not existed, nor will there be a time when we will cease to exist. As the same person inhabits the body through childhood, youth, and old age, so too at the time of death he attains another body. The wise are not deluded by these changes.


Those who eat too much or eat too little, who sleep too much or sleep too little, will not succeed in meditation. But those who are temperate in eating and sleeping, work and recreation, will come to the end of sorrow through meditation.


Still your mind in me, still yourself in me, and without a doubt you shall be united with me, Lord of Love, dwelling in your heart.


The soul who meditates on the Self is content to serve the Self and rests satisfied within the Self; there remains nothing more for him to accomplish.


Fear Not. What is not real, never was and never will be. What is real, always was and cannot be destroyed.


Not by refraining from action does man attain freedom from action. Not by mere renunciation does he attain supreme perfection.


Action is greater than inaction. Perform therefore thy task in life. Even the life of the body could not be if there were no action.


When the sage climbs the heights of Yoga, he follows the path of work; but when he reaches the heights of Yoga, he is in the land of peace.


Whenever the mind unsteady and restless strays away from the spirit, let him ever and for ever lead it again to the spirit.


No work stains a man who is pure, who is in harmony, who is master of his life, whose soul is one with the soul of all.


Make your mind one-pointed in meditation, and your heart will be purified. . . . With all fears dissolved in the peace of the Self and all desires dedicated to Brahman, controlling the mind and fixing it on me (God), sit in meditation with me as your only goal. With senses and mind constantly controlled through meditation, united with the Self within, an aspirant attains nirvana, the state of abiding joy and peace in me.

The Wisdom of the Bhagavad Gita


Quotes By Sai Baba

Life is a song - sing it. Life is a game - play it. Life is a challenge - meet it. Life is a dream - realize it. Life is a sacrifice - offer it. Life is love - enjoy it.
Sai Baba


Love one another and help others to rise to the higher levels, simply by pouring out love. Love is infectious and the greatest healing energy.
Sai Baba


All action results from thought, so it is thoughts that matter.
Sai Baba


Do not be misled by what you see around you, or be influenced by what you see. You live in a world which is a playground of illusion, full of false paths, false values and false ideals. But you are not part of that world.
Sai Baba


What matters is to live in the present, live now, for every moment is now. It is your thoughts and acts of the moment that create your future. The outline of your future path already exists, for you created its pattern by your past.
Sai Baba


Man learns through experience, and the spiritual path is full of different kinds of experiences. He will encounter many difficulties and obstacles, and they are the very experiences he needs to encourage and complete the cleansing process.
Sai Baba


A house must be built on solid foundations if it is to last. The same principle applies to man, otherwise he too will sink back into the soft ground and becomes swallowed up by the world of illusion.
Sai Baba


You must pass your days in song. Let your whole life be a song.
Sai Baba


Let love flow so that it cleanses the world. Then man can live in peace, instead of the state of turmoil he has created through his past ways of life, with all those material interests and earthly ambitions.
Sai Baba


You must be a lotus, unfolding its petals when the sun rises in the sky, unaffected by the slush where it is born or even the water which sustains it!
Sai Baba


What is new in the world? Nothing. What is old in the world? Nothing. Everything has always been and will always be.
Sai Baba


The life ahead can only be glorious if you learn to live in total harmony with the Lord.
Sai Baba


Man is lost and is wandering in a jungle where real values have no meaning. Real values can have meaning to man only when he steps on to the spiritual path, a path where negative emotions have no use.
Sai Baba


Look out into the universe and contemplate the glory of God. Observe the stars, millions of them, twinkling in the night sky, all with a message of unity, part of the very nature of God.
Sai Baba


Man seeks to change the foods available in nature to suit his tastes, thereby putting an end to the very essence of life contained in them.
Sai Baba

Life Quotes

Everything in life is luck.
------------Donald Trump

The most important thing is to enjoy your life - to be happy - it's all that matters.
------------Audrey Hepburn

In three words I can sum up everything I've learned about life: it goes on.
-------Robert Frost

Do not dwell in the past, do not dream of the future, concentrate the mind on the present moment.
----------Buddha

A life spent making mistakes is not only more honorable, but more useful than a life spent doing nothing.
-----------------George Bernard Shaw

All life is an experiment. The more experiments you make the better.
----------------Ralph Waldo Emerson

A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life.
-----------------------Charles Darwin

When I stand before God at the end of my life, I would hope that I would not have a single bit of talent left, and could say, 'I used everything you gave me'.
-------------------Erma Bombeck

Life is what happens while you are busy making other plans.
-----------------John Lennon

Change is the law of life. And those who look only to the past or present are certain to miss the future.
------------------John F. Kennedy

You will never be happy if you continue to search for what happiness consists of. You will never live if you are looking for the meaning of life.
---------------------Albert Camus

Life is a song - sing it. Life is a game - play it. Life is a challenge - meet it. Life is a dream - realize it. Life is a sacrifice - offer it. Life is love - enjoy it.
-------------------Sai Baba

Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated.
-----------------Confucius

Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile.
----------------Albert Einstein

Don't go through life, grow through life.
---------------Eric Butterworth

My formula for living is quite simple. I get up in the morning and I go to bed at night. In between, I occupy myself as best I can.
-----------------Cary Grant

Everything has been figured out, except how to live.
-----------------Jean-Paul Sartre

I do not regret one moment of my life.
---------------Lillie Langtry

It is not length of life, but depth of life.
--------------Ralph Waldo Emerson

Good friends, good books and a sleepy conscience: this is the ideal life.
--------------Mark Twain

We must let go of the life we have planned, so as to accept the one that is waiting for us.
---------------Joseph Campbell

Begin at once to live, and count each separate day as a separate life.
--------------Seneca

We need to give each other the space to grow, to be ourselves, to exercise our diversity. We need to give each other space so that we may both give and receive such beautiful things as ideas, openness, dignity, joy, healing, and inclusion.
-------------Max de Pree

The price of anything is the amount of life you exchange for it.
------------Henry David Thoreau

When we remember we are all mad, the mysteries disappear and life stands explained.
-----------------Mark Twain

Life is a succession of lessons which must be lived to be understood.
----------------Helen Keller

There are three constants in life... change, choice and principles.
--------------Stephen Covey

People living deeply have no fear of death.
--------------Anais Nin

To live a pure unselfish life, one must count nothing as one's own in the midst of abundance.
--------------Buddha

Life is half spent before we know what it is.
-------------George Herbert